台南地區老年人音樂偏好與聆聽音樂之生理反應

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題名:
台南地區老年人音樂偏好與聆聽音樂之生理反應
著者: 鄭心怡; Cheng, Hsin-yi
謝苑玫; Hyuan-mei Hsie; 音樂教育學系碩士班
主題: 老年人; 音樂; 音樂偏好; 音樂欣賞; 生理反應; physiological response; music; the elderly; music preference; music listening
描述: 本研究旨在瞭解台南地區老年人的音樂偏好以及聆聽古典音樂之生理反應變化狀況。研究分為兩階段進行，第一階段透過音樂類別偏好調查工具組（音樂類別偏好量表、音樂偏好調查CD與背景資料問卷）來瞭解台南地區老年人之音樂類別偏好，以及音樂偏好與背景變項之關係，採滾雪球式抽樣，樣本數為158人；第二階段由第一階段調查結果中最喜歡古典音樂與最不喜歡古典音樂者隨機抽樣各15人，透過古典音樂偏好反應值研究工具組（CRDI、古典音樂選曲、筆記型電腦與耳機），呈現與蒐集老年人聆聽古典音樂及時之偏好反應值，以及使用生理反應測量工具組（血壓心跳計與指溫器）來測得聆聽音樂之生理值。本研究發現如下：一、老年人音樂類別偏好部份1.台南地區老年人最偏好的音樂類型為流行音樂，且其喜好程度一致地偏高。2.台南地區老年人最不喜好的音樂類型為世界音樂。二、老年人音樂類別偏好與背景變項之關係1.台南地區老年人的音樂偏好會依性別不同而有差異，男性比女性偏好台灣音樂，女性比男性較偏好古典音樂。2.台南地區老年人的音樂偏好會因社經地位不同而有差異。高社經地位的老年人對於古典音樂有較高的偏好；低社經地位的老年人對於流行音樂及台灣音樂有較高的偏好。3.台南地區老年人的音樂偏好會因音樂經驗不同而有差異，有音樂訓練者，較喜歡古典音樂；平時會主動接觸音樂性活動者，較喜歡流行音樂。三、老年人聆聽古典音樂之偏好反應 1.老年人聆聽古典音樂各曲時，對於器樂有較高偏好，且重複聆聽會增加偏好程度。2.老年人喜歡力度大、織度厚、節奏性強、速度快，較有活力感的音樂。四、老年人聆聽古典音樂之生理反應 1.老年人聆聽古典音樂前後生理值大多無明顯變化。2.老年人聆聽器樂曲，以及重複聆聽本研究中Mozart與Haydn的曲目時，指溫皆為上升狀態。3.老年人聆聽古典音樂時，指溫與偏好反應值之改變多有顯著相關性。根據研究結果，研究者供老年人相關課程、醫療進行時音樂素材之選擇的建議：老年人所屬年代的流行歌曲能獲得他們的喜愛，且依社經與音樂背景的不同，可嘗試加入古典音樂、台灣音樂。在音樂要素方面，較有活力、生命力的音樂能讓老年人自覺更年輕，若選擇古典音樂，可先以器樂曲為入門，若選擇聲樂曲，速度較緩、旋律柔和，可用來作為放鬆的音樂素材。再者，老年人的音樂偏好仍有正向改變的空間，因此仍可嘗試給予多方面不同類別的音樂，讓他們有較多元的聽覺感受。此外，研究者也建議未來的研究範圍、人數、年齡層可更擴大延伸，研究中可試著加入質性部分，或將音樂變項鎖定更小，找尋音樂與生理反應更緊密的訊息。
The purpose of this study is to investigate music preference and the effects of physiological response of listening to classical music among the elderly in Tainan Area. The study is divided into two phases. In order to realize the music preference, and the relationships between music preference and demographic variables of the elderly in Tainan, 158 subjects were collected via snowball sampling process in the first phase. “The set of music preference survey” was applied as the tool. It contains the music preference scale, music CD with 24 excerpts and personal information questionnaire. In the 2nd phase, two sets were applied simultaneously. “The set of classical music preference response measuring”, which includes CRDI, 4 excerpts of classical music, notebook and earphone, was applied to collect the values of preference responses. And the physiological values were measured by using “The set of physiological response measuring”, which includes blood pressure monitor and finger temperature monitor. 30 subjects were randomly selected from the group who liked classical music most and the group disliked it most in the first phase, 15 subjects from each group. The results are listed as following:I. Music category preference of the elderlyA. The elderly in Tainan like popular music most and the degree of preference ishighly identical.B. The elderly in Tainan dislike world music most.II. The relationship between the music preference and demographic variables of the elderlyA. Gender of the elderly in Tainan reveals different preference. Males prefer Taiwanese music, and females prefer classical music.B. Social economic status of the elderly in Tainan reveals different preference. The higher social statuses of elderly prefer classical music; the lower social statues of elderly preferred popular and Taiwanese music.A. Music experiences of the elderly in Tainan reveals different preference. The elderly who had music training experience prefer classical music; the elderly who have been participating in music activities actively prefer popular music.II. Music preference response of the elderly when listening to Classical music A. When listening to classical music selections, they prefer instrumental music and have higher preference by repeated listening.B. The elderly prefer louder dynamics, dense texture, intense rhythm, faster tempo, the vital music. III. The physiological responses of the elderly when listening to classical musicA. There are no significant differences after listening to the classical music.B. When listening to the instrumental music and listening Mozart and Haydn selections in this study repeatedly, the finger surface temperature would raise.C. When listening to classical music, there is significant correlation between the finger surface temperature and the values of preference response.According to the results of this study, the researcher proposes suggestions for music material choices about curriculum, medical treatment of the elderly: The popular music belonging to the age of the elderly is the first choice. In addition, classical music and Taiwanese music can also be included depending on their social economic statuses or music training background. About the elements of music, the elderly would feel youthful by listening to vital music. When choosing classical music, the instrumental music would be a good introduction; the vocal pieces with slower tempo, soft melody are also the music materials for relaxing. Furthermore, there is still a changeable and positive space for preference of the elderly; therefore, we can try to choose different music, giving them diversified hearing. The researcher also suggests that the scope, number of subject, and age can be extended in future study; qualitative research added; the music variables focused, in order to identify the closer message between music and physiological responses.
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建立日期: 2007
格式: 121 bytes
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語言: 中文
識別號: http://nutnr.lib.nutn.edu.tw/handle/987654321/3648
資源來源: NUTN IR

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台南地區老年人音樂偏好與聆聽音樂之生理反應

鄭心怡; Cheng, Hsin-yi 謝苑玫; Hyuan-mei Hsie; 音樂教育學系碩士班 2007

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