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紋胸黑翅螢(Luciola filiformis Olivier)與黑翅螢(Luciola cerata Olivier)(Coleoptera: Lampyridae)的同步發光行為

邱俊豪; Chiu, Chun-hao 黃文伯; none; 環境生態研究所碩士班 2010

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  • Title:
    紋胸黑翅螢(Luciola filiformis Olivier)與黑翅螢(Luciola cerata Olivier)(Coleoptera: Lampyridae)的同步發光行為
  • Author: 邱俊豪; Chiu, Chun-hao
  • 黃文伯; none; 環境生態研究所碩士班
  • Subjects: 同步發光; 黑翅螢; 紋胸黑翅螢; 領導個體; synchronous flashing; Luciola cerata; Luciola filiformis; leader male
  • Description: 紋胸黑翅螢(Luciola filiformis )與黑翅螢(Luciola cerata)野外同步發光行為研究分別於2009年5月與2010年5月進行，研究地點位於台南縣梅嶺地區。藉由數位錄影與影格分析方法，描述兩種螢火蟲飛行雄蟲同步發光行為。樣點內紋胸黑翅螢雄蟲發光數量於日落後約30分鐘達到高峰期，黑翅螢雄蟲發光數量於日落後約70分鐘達到高峰期，兩種螢火蟲可在雄蟲群體出現同步發光行為。紋胸黑翅螢3隻群體(310.42 ± 29.11 msec)與4 ~ 10隻群體(297.92 ± 25.73 msec)的同步發光週期，顯著短於2隻群體(402.78 ± 156.02 msec)；黑翅螢6 ~ 10隻群體同步發光週期(768.75 ± 56.12 msec)顯著短於2 ~ 5隻群體(802.08 ± 67.17 msec)，兩物種的同步發光週期會因參與個體數量增加而縮短。在參與同步發光的個體中，紋胸黑翅螢3隻群體(303.17 ± 25.90 msec)與4 ~ 10隻群體(304.04 ± 30.61 msec)中個體的發光間隔顯著短於2隻群體中的個體(404.63 ± 141.38 msec)，而紋胸黑翅螢同步發光群體中個體的發光間隔則顯著短於離群單隻個體(460.69 ± 178.24 msec)。黑翅螢6 ~ 10隻群體中個體的發光間隔 (762.7 ± 68.85 msec)顯著短於2 ~ 5隻的個體(800.86 ± 57.10 msec)，黑翅螢同步發光群體中個體的發光間隔則顯著短於離群單隻個體(976.90 ± 91.98 msec)。紋胸黑翅螢4 ~ 10隻群體同步發光時，其中個體的單次發光持續時間(90.12 ± 23.40 msec)顯著短於離群單隻個體(113.33 ± 21.66 msec)、2隻群體(116.67 ± 25.98 msec)與3隻群體(107.41 ± 21.18 msec)。黑翅螢同步發光時，2 ~ 5隻群體(158.12 ± 43.46 msec)與6 ~ 10隻群體(158.33 ± 50.22 msec)中個體的單次發光持續時間，顯著短於離群單隻個體(219.80 ± 52.95 msec)。參與同步發光的個體，因參與個體數量增加而縮短發光的間隔時間與單次發光的持續時間。紋胸黑翅螢群體中，個體的發光次數與參與同步發光的比例成正相關，而個體同步發光次數與其領導次數亦呈現正相關。非領導個體之平均發光持續時間(85.57 ± 23.96 msec)顯著短於領導個體平均發光持續時間(99.35 ± 19.33 msec)。紋胸黑翅螢在同步發光的群體中，個體可中斷數次發光後再恢復同步發光，此為個體間歇性同步發光行為，而在持續同步發光的次數中，僅中斷一次發光的比例占全部中斷次數的61.3％；個體領導同步發光次數愈多，其同步發光中斷次數及中斷時間皆愈少。LED光源模擬黑翅螢雄蟲發光模式，在不同的發光時間間隔中，0.95 sec的發光間隔使雄蟲出現最明顯的同步發光反應與最長時間的同步發光，然而0.90 sec的發光間隔與其他組別相比，可在最遠的距離上(2.78 ± 1.48 m)刺激個體同步發光。以4.0 volt強光與0.8 volt弱光刺激黑翅螢雄蟲，兩組的雄蟲的同步發光反應比例並沒有顯著差異。但強光使雄蟲同步發光的時間(17.75 ± 9.90 sec)顯著長於弱光的刺激(9.16 ± 5.22 sec)；強光引發黑翅螢雄蟲同步發光最遠的距離為2.41 ± 1.21 m，顯著長於弱光的刺激(1.51 ± 0.82 m)。
    The research on the synchronous flashing behaviors of Luciola filiformis and Luciola cerata in the field was conducted in May 2009 and May 2010, at Meiling, Tainan County. Through digital recording and frame-by-frame analysis, we described the synchronous flashing behaviors of males of the two species. The number of flashing males of L. filiformis peaked at 30 minutes after sunset, and at 70 minutes after sunset in L. cerata. For both species, the synchronous flashing behaviors could appear on male groups. The synchronous flashing period of 3-individual groups (310.42 ± 29.11 msec) and 4-to-10-individual groups (297.92 ± 25.73 msec) of L. filiformis were significantly shorter than 2-individual groups (402.78 ± 156.02 msec) , and the synchronous flashing period of 6-to-10-individual groups (768.75 ± 56.12 msec) of L. cerata were also significantly shorter than 2-to-5-individual groups (802.08 ± 67.17 msec). The synchronous flashing periods of both species became shorter when the number of participant individual increased. Among the individuals which had participated in synchronous flashing, the interflash interval of 3-individual groups (303.17 ± 25.90 msec) and 4-to-10-individual groups (304.04 ± 30.61 msec) of L. filiformis were significantly shorter than those of 2-individual groups (404.63 ± 141.38 msec) , and the interflash interval of the individuals in synchronous flashing groups were significantly shorter than those of the lone individuals (460.69 ± 178.24 msec). The interflash interval of 6-to-10-individual groups (762.7 ± 68.85 msec) of L. cerata were significantly shorter than those of 2-to-5-individual groups (800.86 ± 57.10 msec) , and the interflash interval of the individuals in synchronous flashing groups were significantly shorter than those of the lone individuals (976.90 ± 91.98 msec). Among the individuals which had participated in synchronous flashing, the flash duration of 4-to-10-individual groups (90.12 ± 23.40 msec) of L. filiformis was significantly shorter than those of the lone individuals (113.33 ± 21.66 msec), 2-individual groups (116.67 ± 25.98 msec) and 3-individual groups (107.41 ± 21.18 msec) ; the flash duration of 2-to-5-individual groups (158.12 ± 43.46 msec) and 6-to-10-individual groups (158.33 ± 50.22 msec) of L. cerata were significantly shorter than those of lone individuals (219.80 ± 52.95 msec). The individuals participated in synchronous flashing shorten their own flashing intervals and flash duration due to the increase of participated individuals. In the L. filiformis groups , the flashing times of each individual positively correlated with the ratio of individuals participated in synchronous flashing, and the synchronous flashing times of each individual also positively correlated with the times it leads the flashing. The average flashing times of non-leader male individuals (85.57 ± 23.96 msec) were significantly shorter than that of leader male individuals (99.35 ± 19.33 msec). In synchronous flashing groups of L. filiformis, each individual might break off flashing for several times and then resumed the synchronous flashing, which was the individual intermittent synchrony. 61.3% of the break-offs were made of individuals that only broke off one time. The more times an individual leads the synchronous flashing, the less times and shorter it broke off. The LED light source could simulate flashing of the L. cerata male. Among various flashing intervals, the interval of 0.95 sec received the most significant synchronous flashing reflection and the longest period of synchronous flashing from the males of L. cerata. Besides, the 0.90 sec interval could stimulate the synchronous flashing by individuals at the longest range (2.78 ± 1.48 m). Using the 4.0 volt strong light and 0.8 volt low light respectively to stimulate the L. filiformis males, we found that there were no significant difference between ratios of the synchronous flashing reflection of two groups. However, the period of the synchronous flashing stimulated by strong light (17.75 ± 9.90 sec) was significantly longer than that by low light (9.16 ± 5.22 sec); also, the maximum range strong light could stimulate L. filiformis males synchronous flash was 2.41 ± 1.21 m, which was longer than that low light could make (1.51 ± 0.82 m).
    碩士
  • Creation Date: 2010
  • Format: 121 bytes
    text/html
  • Language: 中文
  • Identifier: http://nutnr.lib.nutn.edu.tw/handle/987654321/1413
  • Source: NUTN IR
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