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Application of the Kilimanjaro Concept in Reversing Seawater Intrusion and Securing Water Supply in Zanzibar, Tanzania

Pembe-Ali, Zuleikha ; Mwamila, Tulinave Burton ; Lufingo, Mesia ; Gwenzi, Willis ; Marwa, Janeth ; Rwiza, Mwemezi J. ; Lugodisha, Innocent ; Qi, Qinwen ; Noubactep, Chicgoua

Water (Basel), 2021-08, Vol.13 (15), p.2085 [同儕審閱期刊]

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題名:
Application of the Kilimanjaro Concept in Reversing Seawater Intrusion and Securing Water Supply in Zanzibar, Tanzania
著者: Pembe-Ali, Zuleikha ; Mwamila, Tulinave Burton ; Lufingo, Mesia ; Gwenzi, Willis ; Marwa, Janeth ; Rwiza, Mwemezi J. ; Lugodisha, Innocent ; Qi, Qinwen ; Noubactep, Chicgoua
主題: Coastal aquifers ; Coasts ; Desalination ; Developing countries ; Drinking water ; Farmers ; Freshwater ; Groundwater ; Groundwater recharge ; Inland water environment ; Islands ; Kilimanjaro concept ; LDCs ; Population ; Rain ; Rain water ; rainwater harvesting ; Rainwater recovery systems ; Runoff ; Rural areas ; Rural communities ; Saline water intrusion ; Salt water intrusion ; Seawater ; seawater intrusion ; Sustainability ; sustainable development ; Tourism ; Water balance ; Water desalting ; Water harvesting ; Water purification ; Water quality ; Water shortages ; Water supply ; Water treatment ; zero-valent iron
所屬期刊: Water (Basel), 2021-08, Vol.13 (15), p.2085
描述: There is escalating salinity levels on small islands due to uncontrolled groundwater extraction. Conventionally, this challenge is addressed by adopting optimal groundwater pumping strategies. Currently, on Unguja Island (Zanzibar), urban freshwater is supplied by desalination, which is expensive and energy-intensive. Hence, desalinization cannot be afforded by rural communities. This study demonstrates that the innovative Kilimanjaro Concept (KC), based on rainwater harvesting (RWH) can remediate seawater intrusion in Unguja, while enabling a universal safe drinking water supply. The reasoning is rooted in the water balance of the whole island. It is shown that if rainwater is systematically harvested, quantitatively stored, and partly infiltrated, seawater intrusion will be reversed, and a universal safe drinking water supply will be secured. Water treatment with affordable technologies (e.g., filtration and adsorption) is suggested. The universality of KC and its suitability for small islands is demonstrated. Future research should focus on pilot testing of this concept on Unguja Island and other island nations.
出版者: Basel: MDPI AG
語言: 英文
識別號: ISSN: 2073-4441
EISSN: 2073-4441
DOI: 10.3390/w13152085
資源來源: Publicly Available Content Database
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Application of the Kilimanjaro Concept in Reversing Seawater Intrusion and Securing Water Supply in Zanzibar, Tanzania

Pembe-Ali, Zuleikha ; Mwamila, Tulinave Burton ; Lufingo, Mesia ; Gwenzi, Willis ; Marwa, Janeth ; Rwiza, Mwemezi J. ; Lugodisha, Innocent ; Qi, Qinwen ; Noubactep, Chicgoua

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