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Barcoding a quantified food web: crypsis, concepts, ecology and hypotheses

Smith, M Alex ; Eveleigh, Eldon S ; McCann, Kevin S ; Merilo, Mark T ; McCarthy, Peter C ; Van Rooyen, Kathleen I Romanuk, Tamara Natasha

PloS one, 2011-07, Vol.6 (7), p.e14424-e14424 [同儕審閱期刊]

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Barcoding a quantified food web: crypsis, concepts, ecology and hypotheses
著者: Smith, M Alex ; Eveleigh, Eldon S ; McCann, Kevin S ; Merilo, Mark T ; McCarthy, Peter C ; Van Rooyen, Kathleen I
Romanuk, Tamara Natasha
主題: Animal behavior ; Animals ; Automation ; Bar codes ; Biodiversity ; Biology ; Birds ; Collaboration ; Community ecology ; Crypsis ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic - methods ; Ecological effects ; Ecological monitoring ; Ecology ; Ecology/Community Ecology and Biodiversity ; Ecology/Ecosystem Ecology ; Evolutionary Biology/Evolutionary Ecology ; Food Chain ; Food chains ; Food webs ; Forestry ; Forests ; Gene sequencing ; Hymenoptera ; Identification methods ; Insecta - genetics ; Insecta - growth & development ; Insects ; Lepidoptera ; Marine ecology ; Models, Biological ; Natural enemies ; Natural resources ; Nuclear reactors ; Outbreaks ; Parasites - genetics ; Parasitoids ; Pest outbreaks ; Phylogeny ; Population biology ; Population Dynamics ; Species ; Taxonomy
所屬期刊: PloS one, 2011-07, Vol.6 (7), p.e14424-e14424
描述: The efficient and effective monitoring of individuals and populations is critically dependent on correct species identification. While this point may seem obvious, identifying the majority of the more than 100 natural enemies involved in the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana--SBW) food web remains a non-trivial endeavor. Insect parasitoids play a major role in the processes governing the population dynamics of SBW throughout eastern North America. However, these species are at the leading edge of the taxonomic impediment and integrating standardized identification capacity into existing field programs would provide clear benefits. We asked to what extent DNA barcoding the SBW food web would alter our understanding of the diversity and connectence of the food web and the frequency of generalists vs. specialists in different forest habitats. We DNA barcoded over 10% of the insects collected from the SBW food web in three New Brunswick forest plots from 1983 to 1993. For 30% of these specimens, we amplified at least one additional nuclear region. When the nodes of the food web were estimated based on barcode divergences (using molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTU) or phylogenetic diversity (PD)--the food web became much more diverse and connectence was reduced. We tested one measure of food web structure (the "bird feeder effect") and found no difference compared to the morphologically based predictions. Many, but not all, of the presumably polyphagous parasitoids now appear to be morphologically-cryptic host-specialists. To our knowledge, this project is the first to barcode a food web in which interactions have already been well-documented and described in space, time and abundance. It is poised to be a system in which field-based methods permit the identification capacity required by forestry scientists. Food web barcoding provided an effective tool for the accurate identification of all species involved in the cascading effects of future budworm outbreaks. Integrating standardized barcodes within food webs may ultimately change the face of community ecology. This will be most poignantly felt in food webs that have not yet been quantified. Here, more accurate and precise connections will be within the grasp of any researcher for the first time.
出版者: United States: Public Library of Science
語言: 英文
識別號: ISSN: 1932-6203
EISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014424
PMID: 21754977
資源來源: Publicly Available Content Database
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Barcoding a quantified food web: crypsis, concepts, ecology and hypotheses

Smith, M Alex ; Eveleigh, Eldon S ; McCann, Kevin S ; Merilo, Mark T ; McCarthy, Peter C ; Van Rooyen, Kathleen I Romanuk, Tamara Natasha

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