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Opioid Treatment Deserts: Concept development and application in a US Midwestern urban county
Hyder, Ayaz ; Lee, Jinhyung ; Dundon, Ashley ; Southerland, Lauren T ; All, David ; Hammond, Gretchen ; Miller, Harvey J West, Brooke
PloS one, 2021-05, Vol.16 (5), p.e0250324
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題名:
Opioid Treatment Deserts: Concept development and application in a US Midwestern urban county
著者:
Hyder, Ayaz
;
Lee, Jinhyung
;
Dundon, Ashley
;
Southerland, Lauren T
;
All, David
;
Hammond, Gretchen
;
Miller, Harvey J
West, Brooke
主題:
Antidotes
;
Availability
;
Biology and Life Sciences
;
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;
Buprenorphine
;
Central nervous system depressants
;
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所屬期刊:
PloS one, 2021-05, Vol.16 (5), p.e0250324
描述:
An Opioid Treatment Desert is an area with limited accessibility to medication-assisted treatment and recovery facilities for Opioid Use Disorder. We explored the concept of Opioid Treatment Deserts including racial differences in potential spatial accessibility and applied it to one Midwestern urban county using high resolution spatiotemporal data. We obtained individual-level data from one Emergency Medical Services (EMS) agency (Columbus Fire Department) in Franklin County, Ohio. Opioid overdose events were based on EMS runs where naloxone was administered from 1/1/2013 to 12/31/2017. Potential spatial accessibility was measured as the time (in minutes) it would take an individual, who may decide to seek treatment after an opioid overdose, to travel from where they had the overdose event, which was a proxy measure of their residential location, to the nearest opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment provider that provided medically-assisted treatment (MAT). We estimated accessibility measures overall, by race and by four types of treatment providers (any type of MAT for OUD, Buprenorphine, Methadone, or Naltrexone). Areas were classified as an Opioid Treatment Desert if the estimate travel time to treatment provider (any type of MAT for OUD) was greater than a given threshold. We performed sensitivity analysis using a range of threshold values based on multiple modes of transportation (car and public transit) and using only EMS runs to home/residential location types. A total of 6,929 geocoded opioid overdose events based on data from EMS agencies were used in the final analysis. Most events occurred among 26-35 years old (34%), identified as White adults (56%) and male (62%). Median travel times and interquartile range (IQR) to closest treatment provider by car and public transit was 2 minutes (IQR: 3 minutes) and 17 minutes (IQR: 17 minutes), respectively. Several neighborhoods in the study area had limited accessibility to OUD treatment facilities and were classified as Opioid Treatment Deserts. Travel time by public transit for most treatment provider types and by car for Methadone-based treatment was significantly different between individuals who were identified as Black adults and White adults based on their race. Disparities in access to opioid treatment exist at the sub-county level in specific neighborhoods and across racial groups in Columbus, Ohio and can be quantified and visualized using local public safety data (e.g., EMS runs). Identification of Opioid Treatment Deserts can aid multiple stakeholders better plan and allocate resources for more equitable access to MAT for OUD and, therefore, reduce the burden of the opioid epidemic while making better use of real-time public safety data to address a public health epidemic that has turned into a public safety crisis.
出版者:
United States: Public Library of Science
語言:
英文
識別號:
ISSN: 1932-6203
EISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250324
PMID: 33979342
資源來源:
Publicly Available Content Database
Academic Search Premier
Coronavirus Research Database
Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
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