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Transport-based source tracking of contaminants in a karst aquifer: Model implementation, proof of concept, and application to event-based field data

Schiperski, Ferry ; Zirlewagen, Johannes ; Stange, Claudia ; Tiehm, Andreas ; Licha, Tobias ; Scheytt, Traugott

Water research (Oxford), 2022-04, Vol.213, p.118145-118145, Article 118145 [同儕審閱期刊]

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  • 題名:
    Transport-based source tracking of contaminants in a karst aquifer: Model implementation, proof of concept, and application to event-based field data
  • 著者: Schiperski, Ferry ; Zirlewagen, Johannes ; Stange, Claudia ; Tiehm, Andreas ; Licha, Tobias ; Scheytt, Traugott
  • 主題: 2RNE non-equilibrium transport model ; Environmental forensics ; Sensitivity analyses ; STANMOD CXTFIT ; Water resources
  • 所屬期刊: Water research (Oxford), 2022-04, Vol.213, p.118145-118145, Article 118145
  • 描述: •Inverse 1D non-equilibrium transport model successfully applied for source tracking.•Conclusive verification using synthetic data, tracer tests, and event-based data.•Unique combination of transport-based source tracking and microbial source tracking.•Can reduce ambiguities resulting from microbial or chemical source tracking.•Automatic 2D sensitivity analyses for evaluating interdependent sensitivity effects. Identification and location of contamination sources is crucial for water resource protection — especially in karst aquifers which provide 25% of the world´s population with water but are highly vulnerable to contamination. Transport-based source tracking is proposed and verified here as a complementary approach to microbial and chemical source tracking in karst aquifers for identifying and locating such sources of contamination and for avoiding ambiguities that might arise from using one method alone. The transport distance is inversely modelled from contaminant breakthrough curves (BTC), based on analytical solutions of the 1D two-region non-equilibrium advection dispersion equation using GNU Octave. Besides the BTC, the model requires reliable estimates of transport velocity and input time. The model is shown to be robust, allows scripted based, automated 2D sensitivity analyses (interplay of two parameters), and can be favourable when distributed numerical models are inappropriate due to insufficient data. Sensitivity analyses illustrate that the model is highly sensitive to the input time, the flow velocity, and the fraction of the mobile fluid region. A conclusive verification approach was performed by applying the method to synthetic data, tracer tests, and event-based field data. Transport distances were correctly modelled for a set of artificial tracer tests using a discharge-velocity relationship that could be established for the respective karst catchment. For the first time such an approach was shown to be applicable to estimate the maximum distance to the contamination source for coliform bacteria in karst spring water combined with microbial source tracking. However, prediction intervals for the transport distance can be large even in well-studied karst catchments mainly related to uncertainties in the flow velocity and the input time. Using a maximum transport distance is proposed to account for less permeable, “slower” pathways. In general, transport-based source tracking might be used wherever transport can be described by the 1D two-region non-equilibrium model, e.g. rivers and fractured or porous aquifers. [Display omitted]
  • 出版者: England: Elsevier Ltd
  • 語言: 英文
  • 識別號: ISSN: 0043-1354
    EISSN: 1879-2448
    DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118145
    PMID: 35151087
  • 資源來源: Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
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